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Petroglyphs - general information  

Presently there are three known ancient rock art monuments located by the Lower Amur:

  • Sycachi-Alyan petroglyphs;
  • a stone with images by the Kalinovka settlement;
  • rock carvings by the May nomad camp.

Besides this, there are three monuments located on the tributaries of the Lower Amur:

  • Sheremetyevo Petroglyphs (on the Ussury river);
  • The petroglyphs on the Kya river (devil's stretch);
  • Sukpai inscription (the river of Sukpai).

The first scientific writings and surveys of the Lower Amur belong to P.K.Maak that researched the Ussury river valley in 1859 and N.Alftan (1894). By the end of the XIX century the description of the ancient rock drawings in Sicachi-Alyan is given in literature by the russian east specialist P.Kafarov, a military officer P.I.Vetlitzin and american East specialists B.Laufer and G.Fowk. In the beginning of the XX century the survey and research of the lower Amur rock drawings had been undertaken by the russian and foreign scientists: F.F.Busse, L.A.Kropotkin, V.K.Arsenyev, L.A.Sternberg, I.A.Lopatin, Torii Ryudzo.

In the soviet epoch the research of the petroglyphs was fulfilled by N.G.Harlamov and A.M.Zolotarev. Starting from 1935, the detailed scientific research on Lower Amur petroglyphs study had been conducted by the scientists of the Institute of Archeology of the USSR Academy of Science, Siberian branch (today - Russian Academy of Science Institute of Archeology and Ethnography) under the direction of A.P.Okladnikov.

From fifties till eighties of the XX century for examinations of the ancient drawings there had organized many science expeditions. The famous archeologists and ethnographists of that time participated, those as A.P.Derevyanko, I.V.Zhalkovski, Y.A.Polumiskov, V.S.Sapunov, S.G.Glinsky, V.E.Medvedev, Y.M.Vasilyev, V.I.Dyakov and the others. The fundamental work, based on long last study and research of the Lower Amur rock Art, was the A.P.Okladnikov's book "Lower Amur Petroglyphs" published in 1971.

 
Sycachi-Alyan petroglyphs  

The Sycachi-Alyan petroglyphs are located upon the big basalt boulders along the right bank of the Amur river by the Sicachi-Alyan and Malishevo (KHabarovsk district) settlements in 70 kilometers from the Khabarovsk city. These are the disguise images (masks) of the animals, birds, snakes, boats, holes (pits with concentric circles); anthropomorphic images. In total, there had been found 300 drawings (presently only 160 are left). The images are created by the stone instrument by a deep channeled striking method and by the iron tool in a threading style technique (the drawings attributed to the Middle Age times). The graffiti belonged to the mesolithic time (early neolith), early Iron Age and early Middle Age and are dated the 12 millenniums B.C. - first half of the millennium 1 A.C.

 
The Stone with depictions by the Kalinovki settlement  

The Stone with depictions by the Kalinovki settlement is found an the right riverbank of Amur on the sand beach, by the lower outskirts of the Kalinovka settlement (Ulchas neighborhood). This is drawings of the disguise (masks) and stylized depiction of boats with the people on board. They are about fifteen in number. The petroglyphs are fulfilled in the technique of low embossed work. The images are attributed to the time of the early Stone Age and dated the end of first millennium B.C. - beginning of 1 millennium A.C.

 
Rock Art at the nomad camp May  

The rock drawings at the nomad camp May are laid upon the sheer cliffs of the Amur river's right bank, in 10 kilometers from Bulava settlement, by the former nomad camp May (presently, natural boundary May, Ulchas district). They include the images of horses, riders, birds, animals, people, boats, different anthropomorphic drawings. In Total 44 drawings are found, fulfilled in the style of threading. The pictures are belonged to the epoch of the early Midle Age and dated the first half of the first millennium A.C.

 
Petroglyphs by the Sheremetyevo settlement  

Petroglyphs by Sheremetyevo are located on the sheer cliffs on the right side of the Ussury riva, in 1,5-4 kilometers down the riverflow from the Sheremetyevo settlement (Vyasemski district). It is the drawings of the disguise (masks), animals, birds, ships, anthropomorphic images. Together 33 drawings are found in three places. The drawings are fulfilled by a deep channeling striking. The images are related to the neolith epoch and the early Iron Age and dated the third millennium B.C. - first millennium A.C.

 
Petroglyphs by the Kya river (Devil's pleso)  

The petroglyphs of the Kia river (Devil's pleso) are located on the sheer cliffs on the right bank of the Kya river (Ussury's tributary) in 8 kilometers from Pereyaslavka (district named after Lazo). These are the drawings of the masks, animals, snakes, birds, boats, anthropomorphic graffity. Together, 13 drawings are found, produced by the method of deep channeling striking. The images belonged to the epochs of neolith and Early Iron Age and are dated the third millennium B.C. - first millennium A.C.

 
"Sukpai inscription"  

Sukpai inscription is found on a sheer rock on the right side of the Sukpai river (a tributary of the Hor river) in 13 kilometers from Sukpai settlement (Lazo district). These are the images of people, riders, stylized boats with the people onboard. 11 drawings are in total completed by a mineral paint ochre. The drawings are attributed to epoch of the early Iron Age, early Middle Age and dated the middle of the first millennium B.C. - middle of first millennium A.C.